Process of producing oil soluble phenol-aldehyde condensation products



[I Patented Ju'ne 9, 1931 UNITED STATES.

PATE-N'IQ'OFTFIC-E IBITZ SHBACH, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNQB '10 mm GESE'LL- am In BESCHBLENKTEB HAFTUNG, OF BEBLINy-CHABLOW, Gm-

IAIHY or rnonucnwe on. sonunnn rrxnnon-nnnnmn connmwsano sr runners Ila Drawing, Application filed December 9, 192?, Serial Io. 889,008, and in Germany December 14 1886.

Phenol-aldehyde condensation products generally are insoluble or diflicultly soluble in fatty oils. Suspensions of such vproducts .obtained by grinding them in mills with fatty oils are not permanent. Certain purified phenol-aldehyde condensation products obtained by washing the crude products in solid form with bases orby washing solutions of the crude-productsin organic solvents with bases and then precipitating the products from the washed solutions in the presence of inert fillers are capable of forming stable 'suse pensions in oil. But it is difiicult to boil these purified roducts with oils because very often the solutions thereo'f'first formed decompose and thecondensation products are caused to harden.

The process according to my invention for the production .of oil-soluble and varnishsoluble phenol-aldehyde condensation products which may alsobe boiled with oils consists in heating the known insoluble or difficultly soluble phenol-aldehyde condensation products (by aldehyde is meant formaldehyde, acetaldehyde furfural andthe like) with phenols containing more. than one ben- -zene ring, either in the absence or in the presence of catalyzing agents. Compounds which are used in the manufacture of varnish in order to accelerate the drying or the forma-' tion of varnish maybe employed as catalyzing agents, as, for instance, hydrated oxide of manganeseyor lead oxide, either alone or mixed with each other. Furthermore, compounds of these substanceswith resins, so

called resinates, may be used, as well as mixtimes 'or compounds of these substances with phenol-aldehyde resins including both Novo lak and resols. Also, any kind of oil, for instance, linseed-oil, 'or wood oil, in uantities amounting to 240% of the weight 0 the reaction mass, may be added. Substances having a mild oxidizing effect, for instance, aor ,B-

' nitronaphthalene or nitronaphthol, in quantities amounting to about 53-10% or more of theweight of the reaction mass ma be added thereto. Air or gaseous oxides o nitrogen, as for instance, N0 may also be conducted through the mass.

Among the phenols which are suitable for I cannot be hardened. When the production of oil soluble condensation products according to my invention are, for instance,naphthols (a-naphthol, ,B-naphthol) diphenols, xanthene, dihydroxydibenzyl, dicresols, dithymols, dicarvacrols, dinaphthols, and their homologues, and resorcin and its homologues.

Molecular compounds of the before mentioned phenols may also be used,

as, for instance, the compound of B-naphthol and 'acetamid.

If the process is carried out without the use of catalyzing agents, the phenol-aldehyde condensation products areheated with about one-third to one-half of the phenol until the.

reaction begins. When employing phenolformaldeh de condensation products and- B-naphtho, the reaction begins at 120 or below, or at 130 C. At the same time the elimination of water takes place, the latter sometimes being noticeable by the evolution of, vapors. Generally, spontaneous heating up to about 150160 takes place. By maintaining the temperature at about 145 C. the

mass remains quite liquid. Thereupon generally the temperature is gradually increased to about 250260 C. The latter temperature is maintained and tests are taken from time to time to see whether there is suflicient solubility in fatty oils, as, for instance, linseed oil. Generally the solubility in oil is reached when the condensation products and phenols are heated for a period of 20 minutes. The highest solubility in oil generally is reached after heating'the mass 1 A; hours.

On continuing the heating further the solu- The resins obtained grinding the resins in -oil in the cold the colloidal state is quickly attained so that a product is obtained bility decreases slowly.

which can be called asolution. It is suificient to grind the resin finely and then to mix it with oil. j According to the degree of pulverization of the resinous powder a clear sobe dissolved in varnish (for instance linseedoil varnish).

If catalyzing agents are employed forthe production of compounds of the phenol-alde-' 5 hyde condensation, products with phenols,

then the temperature of the reaction mass may be considerably lower and the time of the heating may be considerably shorter. For instance, after the beginning of the reaction the temperature may be mamtained constant or may be slightly'increased, say by' about 10 degrees. When employing catalyzing agents, resins are obtained which can be hardened. They are soluble in oil andvarnish in the cold and produce an easily drying paint, and are also soluble in othersolvents. The paints may be hardened by heating.

The quantities of the phenol-aldehyde condensation products and the phenols employed may var The quantities are determined bytesting or the quantity which is sufiicient to cause the desired solubility in the oil to be employed.

The products obtained Without using a catalyzing agent may be mixed with those obtained by employing a catalyzer either in the cold or by melting them with each other and these mixtures may be boiled with the oil or ground with oil or varnish in the cold.

Example 1 100 kilos of a henol-aldehyde condensation product ca :1 le of hardening are fused with 40 kilos of B-napthol and, the main reaction bein completed, the mass is heated during 1 ours at 260 C.

Example 2 100 kilos of a phenol-aldehyde condensation produot ca able of hardening are fused with 40 kilos o fl-naphthol and superoxide of manganese, the temperature not increasing more than up to 145 C. After 10-15 minutes the contents of the condensation apparatus is discharged into a fiat receptacle,

capable of hardening (Novolak), kilos'of fi-naphtholand kilo of hydrated oxide of ca manganesefare maintained, after completion v tacle.

le of hardening, 120 kilos b phenol, cresol, or naphthol of the main reaction for 10-15 minutes, at 140 C. by introducing steam at a pressure of 34 atm., and then discharged into a recep- The resin thus obtained contains hardly any volatile substances, the analysis showing 0,7 volatile substances. After completing the heating vacuum may be applied, at the same time conducting a'current either of air or of an inert gas, such as carbonic acid, through the mass. The removal of gases from the hot resinous mass is thereby facilitated. By employing inert gases the danger of explosion is avoided.

Example 5 Equal parts of hardened phenol-aldehyde condensation product (in the so called 0- state) and 2,2'-dihydroxydiphenyl (diphenol) are heated together until the condensation product is dissolved and no more water eva orates. The resulting resin is easily sol le in hot fatty oils,

Example 6 75 kilos of a fusible henol-aldehyde condensation product capa le of hardening (so called Bakelite) are caused to act upon 25 ,parts of resorcin until the reaction is completed, which is the case as soon as the aqueous vapours cease risin The resulting resin is easily soluble in co d oils.

Example 7 50 kilosof fusible phenol-aldehyde condensation product capable of hardening are caused to act upon 30 kilos of the molecular compound of ,B-naphthol and acetamide. The resin thus obtained is soluble in cold fatty oils.

Example 8 The process is carried out according to Example -1, after adding. 5% of nitrona hthalene to the reaction mass, the latter t ereby bein more easily maintained liquid. Instea of adding nitronaphthalene, gaseous oxides of nitrogen may also be conducted through the mass.

Example 9 v The process is carried out as indicated in Example 2, except that one-half of'the guantityo the superoxide of manganese is replapled by the equivalent quantity of lead 0x1 e.

1 The condensation products capable of hardening used for the process are produced condensing a phenol (for instance,

3 with formaldeyde,-either in a 40% solution or in the form a araformaldehyde,in the presence of an al ali, for instance ammonia, as condensing agent. The condensation products notcapable of hardenin Novolak) are produced from phenol an ormaldehyde, em-

ploying as catalysing agent,a salt, such as ammonium chloride, or an acid, such as, for instance, hydrochloric acid. 1

What I claim is:

'5 1. A process of producing fatty oil-soluble resinous products which comprises heating a fusible phenol-aldehyde condensation prodnot together with a polynuclear phenol until the reaction mass is soluble in fatty'oil.

2. A process of producing fatty oil-soluble resinous products which comprises heating-a fusible phenol-aldehyde condensation product together with a polynuclear phenol in the presence of a catalyzing agent until the re- I action mass is soluble in fatty oil.

3. A process of producing fatty oil-soluble resinous products which comprises heatinga fusible phenol-aldehyde condensation prodnot together with ,B-naphthol until the reaction mass is soluble in fatty oil.

- 4. A process of producing fatty oil-soluble resinous products which comprises heating a fusible phenol-aldehyde condensation product together with ,B-naphthol in the presence of a catalyzing agent until the reactlon mass is soluble in fatty oil.

5. A process of producing fatty oil-soluble v resinous products which comprises heating a, fusible phenol-aldehyde condensation product together with B-naphthol in thepresence of oxide of manganese.

6. A process of producing fatty oil-soluble resinous products which comprises heating a phenol-aldehyde condensation product capable of hardening by heat together with a polynuclear phenol until the reaction mass is soluble in fatty oil. e

7. A process of producing fatty oil-soluble resinous products which comprises heating-a 40 phenol-aldehyde condensation product capable of hardening by heat together with a polynuclear phenol in thepresence of a catalyzing agent until the reaction mass is soluble in fatty oil.

5 8. A composition of matter comprising the reaction product of a polynuclear phenol and a fusible phenol aldehyde condensation prod-, uclt, said composition being soluble in-fatty o1 9. A composition of matter'comprising the reaction product of B-naphthol anda fusible phenol aldehyde condensation product, said composition being soluble in fatty oil.

10. A composition of matter comprising the. reaction product of a polynuclear phenol and a phenol aldehyde condensation product I capable of hardening by heat, said composition being soluble in fatty oil. I i

In testimony whereof I aflix my'signature.

FRITZ SEEBACH.- 

